An irrational number is a type of real number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction, meaning it cannot be written in the form of \(\frac{a}{b}\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are integers and \(b \neq 0\). These numbers have non-repeating, non-terminating decimal expansions, making them distinct from rational numbers. Common examples of irrational numbers include the square root of any prime number and the mathematical constant \(\pi\).
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