Alkyl group:A part of an organic molecule derived from an alkane by removing one hydrogen atom, often represented as "R-" in molecular structures.
Saturated hydrocarbon: A hydrocarbon that contains only single bonds between carbon atoms, which includes all alkanes.
Isomerism:The phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas or arrangements of atoms, relevant to alkanes when considering straight-chain and branched forms