Replication forks

Definition

Replication forks are Y-shaped structures that form as the DNA double helix is separated into two single strands during DNA replication, allowing each strand to serve as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. They are essential for the accurate and efficient copying of the entire genome before cell division.

Related terms

DNA polymerase: An enzyme that adds nucleotides to a growing DNA strand during replication, using an existing strand as a template.

Helicase: An enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix ahead of the replication fork.

Okazaki fragments: Short sequences of DNA nucleotides which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together by ligase to create the lagging strand during DNA replication