Lone-pair electrons

Definition

Lone-pair electrons are pairs of valence electrons that are not involved in bonding and remain localized on a particular atom. These electron pairs can influence molecular shape and reactivity in organic compounds.

Related terms

Covalent bond:

A type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons to achieve stability.

Electronegativity:

The measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons when it is part of a compound.

Molecular geometry: The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule, influenced by the electron pairs, both bonding and non-bonding (lone pairs)