key term - Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Definition

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a key intermediate in several important metabolic pathways, including the catabolism of triacylglycerols, the catabolism of carbohydrates through glycolysis, and the biosynthesis of carbohydrates via gluconeogenesis. It is an essential molecule that links these diverse metabolic processes together.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is an important intermediate in the glycolysis pathway, where it is converted to two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
2. In the catabolism of triacylglycerols, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is formed from the glycerol backbone, which can then enter the glycolysis pathway.
3. During gluconeogenesis, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a key intermediate that is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as amino acids and lactate.
4. The enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, an important regulatory step in gluconeogenesis.
5. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is also involved in the regulation of glycolysis, as it can allosterically activate the enzyme phosphofructokinase, a key control point in the pathway.

Review Questions

• Explain the role of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in the catabolism of triacylglycerols.
  • In the catabolism of triacylglycerols, the glycerol backbone is released and can be converted to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, which then enters the glycolysis pathway. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a key intermediate that links the breakdown of triacylglycerols to the generation of energy through the subsequent steps of glycolysis.
• Describe the importance of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in the glycolysis pathway.
  • Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a crucial intermediate in the glycolysis pathway, where it is converted to two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. This step is important because it commits the pathway to the production of energy-rich compounds, such as ATP and NADH. Additionally, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate can allosterically activate the enzyme phosphofructokinase, a key regulatory point in glycolysis, further highlighting its importance in this metabolic process.
• Analyze the role of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in the process of gluconeogenesis.
  • During gluconeogenesis, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is a key intermediate that is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as amino acids and lactate. The enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase catalyzes the conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, which is an important regulatory step in the gluconeogenesis pathway. This process allows the body to produce glucose from alternative sources, maintaining blood glucose levels and providing a crucial source of energy for cells.

Related terms

Glycolysis:

The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, generating ATP and NADH in the process.

Gluconeogenesis:

The metabolic pathway that synthesizes glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors, such as amino acids and lactate.

Triacylglycerol: The main storage form of lipids in the body, composed of three fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone.