Dipole–dipole forces

Definition

Dipole-dipole forces are attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule. These interactions occur due to the uneven distribution of electrons in molecules with polar covalent bonds.

Related terms

Polar covalent bond:

A type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons unequally, resulting in a molecule with an uneven charge distribution.

Hydrogen bond:

A strong dipole-dipole attraction between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) and another electronegative atom.

London dispersion forces: Weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles induced in atoms or molecules, present in all molecular interactions regardless of polarity