-ane is a suffix used in organic chemistry to denote a class of saturated, acyclic hydrocarbons. This term is particularly important in the context of naming cycloalkanes, as the -ane ending is a key part of the IUPAC naming system for these types of compounds.
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The -ane suffix is used to indicate the presence of single carbon-carbon bonds in a hydrocarbon compound.
Cycloalkanes with the -ane suffix are named by identifying the number of carbon atoms in the ring and adding the -ane ending.
The IUPAC naming system for cycloalkanes follows the pattern: cyclo-[number of carbon atoms]-ane.
Cycloalkanes with the -ane suffix are saturated, meaning they have the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.
The -ane suffix is part of a homologous series of alkanes, where each member differs by a -CH$_2$- unit.
Review Questions
Explain the significance of the -ane suffix in the IUPAC naming of cycloalkanes.
The -ane suffix in the IUPAC naming of cycloalkanes indicates that the compound is a saturated, cyclic hydrocarbon. It signifies the presence of single carbon-carbon bonds and the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton. This suffix is a crucial part of the naming system, as it allows for the unambiguous identification of the cyclic nature and degree of saturation of the compound.
Describe how the -ane suffix relates to the homologous series of alkanes.
The -ane suffix is a key feature of the homologous series of alkanes, which are saturated, acyclic hydrocarbons. Each member of the alkane series differs from the previous one by a -CH$_2$- unit, and the -ane suffix is used to denote the presence of single carbon-carbon bonds and the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms. This consistent use of the -ane suffix allows for the systematic naming and understanding of the relationships within the alkane homologous series, which is crucial in organic chemistry.
Analyze the role of the -ane suffix in differentiating cycloalkanes from other types of hydrocarbons.
The -ane suffix is essential in distinguishing cycloalkanes, which are saturated, cyclic hydrocarbons, from other types of hydrocarbons such as alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds. The -ane suffix indicates the presence of single carbon-carbon bonds and the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms, which is a defining characteristic of cycloalkanes. This clear delineation through the -ane suffix allows for the accurate identification and classification of cycloalkanes within the broader context of organic chemistry, enabling the study of their unique properties and reactivity patterns.