Vertical direct contact transmission

Definition

Vertical direct contact transmission occurs when a disease is transmitted from parent to offspring during the processes of reproduction, pregnancy, or childbirth. This mode of transmission can involve pathogens crossing the placenta or being passed through breast milk.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vertical direct contact transmission is often associated with congenital infections.
2. Common diseases transmitted this way include HIV, syphilis, and rubella.
3. Transmission can occur during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding.
4. Placental transfer is a major route for many viral and bacterial infections in utero.
5. Preventive measures include prenatal screening and appropriate maternal treatment.

Review Questions

• What are the primary stages at which vertical direct contact transmission can occur?
• Name three diseases that are commonly transmitted via vertical direct contact transmission.
• How can vertical direct contact transmission be prevented?

Related terms

Horizontal Transmission: The spread of infectious agents between individuals other than from parent to offspring.

Congenital Infection: Infection present at birth acquired via vertical transmission.

Perinatal Transmission: Infection transmitted to the newborn around the time of birth.