🦠microbiology review

Valley fever

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Valley fever, also known as coccidioidomycosis, is a fungal infection caused by Coccidioides species. It primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Valley fever is endemic to certain regions like the southwestern United States and parts of Mexico, Central America, and South America.
  2. The disease is contracted by inhaling spores of the fungus from disturbed soil or dust.
  3. Symptoms include fatigue, cough, fever, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, chronic pneumonia or disseminated infection.
  4. Diagnosis is typically confirmed through blood tests detecting antibodies or cultures identifying the fungus.
  5. Treatment may involve antifungal drugs such as fluconazole or itraconazole.

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