Tubercles

Definition

Tubercles are small, rounded nodules that form in the lungs as a result of bacterial infections such as tuberculosis. These structures consist of aggregated immune cells attempting to contain the infection.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Tubercles are primarily associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria causing tuberculosis.
2. They consist of a core containing infected macrophages surrounded by other immune cells like T-cells and fibroblasts.
3. The formation of tubercles can lead to tissue necrosis within the lungs, known as caseous necrosis.
4. Tubercles can become calcified over time, leading to granulomas visible on chest X-rays.
5. If tubercles rupture, they can release bacteria into the airways and bloodstream, potentially causing severe complications.

Review Questions

Related terms

Granuloma: A collection of immune cells formed during chronic inflammation, often seen in infectious diseases.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis:

The bacterial species responsible for causing tuberculosis.

Caseous Necrosis: A type of tissue death characterized by a cheese-like appearance often found at the center of tubercles.