Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

Definition

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is a combination antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It inhibits successive steps in the bacterial folate synthesis pathway, making it particularly effective against certain strains.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole targets both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it broad-spectrum.
2. It is commonly used to treat skin infections like MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and eye infections such as conjunctivitis.
3. In respiratory system infections, it can treat conditions like Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP).
4. For gastrointestinal bacterial infections, it's effective against pathogens like Escherichia coli that cause traveler's diarrhea.
5. It can also be utilized in treating infections of the circulatory and lymphatic systems, including those caused by Listeria monocytogenes.

Review Questions

• What are the two active ingredients in trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?
• Which types of bacteria does trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole primarily target?
• Name at least two types of infections for which trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is commonly prescribed.

Related terms

Folate Synthesis Pathway: A metabolic pathway targeted by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole to inhibit bacterial growth.

MRSA: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a type of bacteria often treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP): A type of lung infection in immunocompromised individuals that can be treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.