Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Transposase is an enzyme that facilitates the movement of transposable elements (TEs) within the genome. It catalyzes the cut-and-paste mechanism by which these genetic elements are excised from one location and inserted into another.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Transposase recognizes specific DNA sequences at the ends of transposable elements to initiate mobilization.
The activity of transposase can introduce genetic diversity in asexual prokaryotes by causing mutations or gene rearrangements.
Transposition events mediated by transposase can result in gene disruption, activation, or horizontal gene transfer.
Some transposases have a 'cut-and-paste' mechanism, while others employ a 'copy-and-paste' mechanism, leaving the original element intact.
Regulation of transposase activity is crucial for maintaining genomic stability since uncontrolled transposition can be harmful.
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Related terms
Transposable Elements (TEs): DNA sequences that can change positions within the genome, often facilitated by enzymes like transposase.
The movement of genetic material between organisms other than through vertical transmission (from parent to offspring).
Insertion Sequence (IS): A simple type of transposable element consisting only of genes required for its own movement, typically containing a single gene encoding for transposase.