Transfection

Definition

Transfection is the process of introducing foreign nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells to study gene function or produce recombinant proteins. It is a critical technique in molecular biology for genetic engineering and research.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Transfection can be achieved using chemical, physical, or biological methods such as lipofection, electroporation, and viral vectors.
2. The efficiency of transfection depends on factors like cell type, nucleic acid type, and method used.
3. Transient transfection results in temporary expression of the introduced gene, while stable transfection integrates the gene into the host genome for long-term expression.
4. Lipofection involves using lipid-based reagents to form complexes with nucleic acids that enter cells via endocytosis.
5. Electroporation uses electrical pulses to create temporary pores in the cell membrane through which nucleic acids can pass.

Review Questions

• What are three methods commonly used for transfection?
• What is the difference between transient and stable transfection?
• How does electroporation facilitate the entry of nucleic acids into cells?

Related terms

Transformation:

The process by which bacterial cells take up foreign DNA from their environment.

Gene Cloning:

The creation of copies of a specific gene using molecular biology techniques.

Recombinant DNA Technology: Methods used to join together DNA molecules from different sources and insert them into host organisms.