Tobacco mosaic virus

Definition

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a non-enveloped, rod-shaped virus that infects plants, particularly tobacco and other members of the Solanaceae family. It is known for causing mosaic-like mottling on the leaves of infected plants.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. TMV was the first virus ever discovered, which helped establish virology as a scientific discipline.
2. It has a single-stranded RNA genome that encodes four proteins, including a replicase and movement protein.
3. The virus is highly stable and can remain infectious in dried plant material for years.
4. TMV spreads through mechanical transmission, such as when plants are handled or damaged.
5. Electron microscopy revealed its rod-shaped structure, measuring approximately 300 nm in length and 18 nm in diameter.

Review Questions

• What type of genetic material does Tobacco mosaic virus contain?
• How is TMV primarily transmitted between plants?
• What significant role did TMV play in the field of virology?

Related terms

Viroid:

A small infectious pathogen consisting solely of a short strand of circular RNA without a protein coat.

Capsid:

The protein shell that encloses the viral genome.

Replication Complex: A group of viral and host proteins involved in viral RNA synthesis.