Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Theta (θ) toxin is a pore-forming cytolysin produced by Clostridium perfringens. It contributes to tissue destruction and systemic toxicity during infection.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Theta toxin is also known as perfringolysin O.
It disrupts cell membranes by forming pores, leading to cell lysis.
Theta toxin is oxygen-labile and functions optimally in anaerobic conditions.
It can be detected using the Nagler reaction, which identifies lecithinase activity.
Theta toxin plays a significant role in gas gangrene, a severe and rapidly spreading infection.
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Related terms
Alpha Toxin: A phospholipase C enzyme produced by Clostridium perfringens that also causes cell lysis.
Gas Gangrene: A severe bacterial infection characterized by tissue necrosis and gas production, often caused by Clostridium perfringens.
Cytolysin: A substance that causes the lysis of cells, particularly red blood cells, through membrane disruption.