Surfactants

Definition

Surfactants are chemical agents that reduce surface tension between substances, aiding in the disruption of microbial cell membranes. They are commonly used in cleaning products to enhance their effectiveness against microorganisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Surfactants work by disrupting the lipid layers of microbial cell membranes, leading to cell lysis and death.
2. They are often found in soaps, detergents, and disinfectants used for sterilization purposes.
3. Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) are a common type of surfactant with antimicrobial properties.
4. The effectiveness of surfactants can be influenced by factors such as pH, temperature, and presence of organic matter.
5. Surfactants can be non-ionic, anionic, cationic, or amphoteric based on their charge properties.

Review Questions

• How do surfactants disrupt microbial cell membranes?
• What types of products commonly contain surfactants for antimicrobial purposes?
• Name a specific type of surfactant known for its antimicrobial properties.

Related terms

Disinfectant: A chemical agent used to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms.

Sterilization:

The process of eliminating all forms of microbial life from an object or surface.

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds:

A category of cationic surfactants known for their disinfectant properties.