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Streptococcus

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Microbiology

Definition

Streptococcus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that often occur in chains or pairs. They are known for causing a variety of infections in humans, ranging from mild throat infections to life-threatening diseases.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Streptococcus species are classified into groups based on their hemolytic properties and serological characteristics.
  2. Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is responsible for strep throat, scarlet fever, and rheumatic fever.
  3. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) can cause severe infections in newborns, such as meningitis and sepsis.
  4. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of bacterial pneumonia and meningitis in adults.
  5. Many Streptococcus species are part of the normal microbiota of the human skin, respiratory tract, and digestive system.

Review Questions

  • What are the different classifications of Streptococcus based on?
  • Which Streptococcus group is associated with infections in newborns?
  • Name two diseases caused by Group A Streptococcus.
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