Rotavirus

Definition

Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus that causes severe diarrhea, primarily in infants and young children. It is a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rotavirus has a double-stranded RNA genome segmented into 11 parts.
2. The virus mainly targets the epithelial cells of the small intestine, leading to malabsorption and fluid loss.
3. Symptoms include severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain lasting for about 3 to 8 days.
4. Vaccination is the most effective method of prevention against rotavirus infection.
5. Transmission occurs primarily through the fecal-oral route, often via contaminated hands or surfaces.

Review Questions

• What type of genetic material does rotavirus possess?
• Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is predominantly affected by rotavirus?
• How can rotavirus infections be prevented most effectively?

Related terms

Gastroenteritis:

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines typically resulting in diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Fecal-Oral Route:

A common pathway for transmission of infectious agents where pathogens in fecal particles pass from one host to another via ingestion.

Vaccination: A biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease.