Rituximab

Definition

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used to target CD20 proteins on the surface of B cells. It is often used in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases and lymphomas.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rituximab specifically binds to the CD20 antigen present on B-lymphocytes.
2. It is used to treat diseases such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and rheumatoid arthritis.
3. Rituximab induces B-cell depletion through mechanisms like antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC).
4. The drug can lead to reactivation of latent viral infections such as Hepatitis B due to immunosuppression.
5. Common side effects include infusion-related reactions, infections, and cardiac issues.

Review Questions

Related terms

Monoclonal Antibody: A type of protein made in the laboratory that can bind to substances in the body, including cancer cells.

CD20: A protein found on the surface of B-cells that is targeted by rituximab.

Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity (ADCC): A mechanism of cell-mediated immune defense whereby an effector cell lyses a target cell that has been bound by specific antibodies.