Rifaximin

Definition

Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in the gastrointestinal tract. It works by inhibiting RNA synthesis in bacteria, effectively reducing their population.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rifaximin is effective against non-systemic gastrointestinal infections because it is poorly absorbed in the gut.
2. Commonly prescribed for conditions like traveler's diarrhea caused by E. coli and hepatic encephalopathy.
3. It has minimal impact on the systemic microbiome due to its limited absorption.
4. Rifaximin resistance can develop, particularly with prolonged use or misuse.
5. It has been studied for use in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with promising results.

Review Questions

• What type of infections does rifaximin primarily treat?
• Why does rifaximin have minimal impact on the body's systemic microbiome?
• In addition to traveler's diarrhea, what other gastrointestinal condition is rifaximin commonly used to manage?

Related terms

Traveler's Diarrhea: An intestinal infection caused by consuming contaminated food or water, often leading to diarrhea.

Hepatic Encephalopathy: A decline in brain function that occurs as a result of severe liver disease.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A chronic condition affecting the large intestine, causing symptoms like cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and diarrhea or constipation.