Rifampicin

Definition

Rifampicin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections, particularly in the nervous system. It works by inhibiting RNA synthesis in bacteria, making it effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other pathogens.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Rifampicin is a first-line treatment for tuberculosis meningitis.
2. It can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, making it suitable for central nervous system infections.
3. Rifampicin is often used in combination with other antibiotics to prevent resistance.
4. Side effects of rifampicin include hepatotoxicity and red-orange discoloration of bodily fluids.
5. Resistance to rifampicin can develop through mutations in the rpoB gene of bacteria.

Review Questions

Related terms

Mycobacterium tuberculosis:

A bacterium that causes tuberculosis and is a target for rifampicin.

Blood-brain barrier: A selective barrier that protects the brain from foreign substances but can be penetrated by certain drugs like rifampicin.

Hepatotoxicity: Liver damage or toxicity, a potential side effect of rifampicin use.