Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Ribavirin is an antiviral medication used to treat various viral infections by inhibiting viral RNA synthesis. It is commonly used in the treatment of hepatitis C and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Ribavirin is a nucleoside analogue that interferes with the replication of RNA viruses.
It is often used in combination with other antiviral drugs to enhance its effectiveness, particularly in treating chronic hepatitis C.
Ribavirin can cause significant side effects, including hemolytic anemia and teratogenicity, which limits its use in certain populations.
The drug's mechanism involves inhibition of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, leading to a depletion of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), essential for viral RNA synthesis.
In addition to hepatitis C, ribavirin is also used off-label for severe cases of RSV and Lassa fever.
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Related terms
Nucleoside Analogue: A class of antiviral drugs that mimic the building blocks of RNA or DNA, inhibiting viral replication.
Hepatitis C: A liver infection caused by the hepatitis C virus, often treated with a combination of antiviral medications including ribavirin.
Hemolytic Anemia: A condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made, a known side effect of ribavirin treatment.