R plasmids

Definition

R plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria that carry genes responsible for antibiotic resistance. They can be transferred between bacteria through horizontal gene transfer, contributing to genetic diversity and the spread of antibiotic resistance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. R plasmids often contain multiple resistance genes, making bacteria resistant to several antibiotics.
2. They can be transferred through processes like conjugation, transformation, and transduction.
3. R plasmids play a critical role in the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance among bacterial populations.
4. They are typically circular DNA molecules separate from the bacterial chromosome.
5. The presence of R plasmids can pose significant challenges in treating bacterial infections.

Review Questions

Related terms

Conjugation:

A process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact.

Transformation:

The uptake of free DNA from the environment by a bacterial cell.

Transduction:

The transfer of bacterial genes by bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria).