Psychrophile

Definition

Psychrophiles are microorganisms that thrive at very low temperatures, typically between -20°C and 10°C. They are commonly found in polar regions, deep oceans, and high-altitude environments.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Psychrophiles have specialized enzymes that remain functional at low temperatures.
2. They often possess a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in their cell membranes to maintain fluidity.
3. Psychrophiles play a crucial role in nutrient cycling in cold ecosystems.
4. They can be bacteria, archaea, or fungi.
5. Some psychrophilic bacteria produce antifreeze proteins to prevent ice crystal formation.

Review Questions

Related terms

Mesophile: Microorganisms that thrive at moderate temperatures, typically between 20°C and 45°C.

Thermophile:

Microorganisms that grow best at high temperatures, usually between 45°C and 80°C.

Cryoprotectant: Substances produced by organisms to protect against freezing damage by preventing ice crystal formation.