Polymyxin B

Definition

Polymyxin B is an antibiotic primarily used to treat Gram-negative bacterial infections. It disrupts the bacterial cell membrane, leading to cell death.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Polymyxin B is particularly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common pathogen in skin and eye infections.
2. It is often used in topical formulations, such as ointments and eye drops, due to its nephrotoxicity when administered systemically.
3. Polymyxin B works by binding to the lipopolysaccharides in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.
4. Resistance to Polymyxin B can occur but is relatively rare compared to other antibiotics.
5. Combination therapy with other antibiotics may be employed to enhance efficacy and reduce resistance development.

Review Questions

Related terms

Neomycin: An antibiotic used in combination with Polymyxin B for treating skin infections.

Gram-negative bacteria: A class of bacteria characterized by a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa:

A common Gram-negative bacterium that can cause skin and eye infections.