Pirquet

Definition

Pirquet is a diagnostic skin test developed by Clemens von Pirquet to identify tuberculosis infection. It involves the application of tuberculin on a superficial abrasion of the skin and observing the reaction.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Pirquet test, also known as the tuberculin skin test, was first introduced in 1907.
2. A positive Pirquet test indicates prior exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis or vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG).
3. The reaction is usually observed after 48 to 72 hours, with induration and erythema being signs of a positive response.
4. Pirquet's approach helped lay the foundation for modern TB diagnostic techniques like the Mantoux test.
5. Hypersensitivity reactions are central to the interpretation of this test, specifically Type IV hypersensitivity.

Related terms

Type IV Hypersensitivity: A delayed-type immune response involving T cells.

Mantoux Test: An intradermal injection of tuberculin used to diagnose TB infection.

BCG Vaccine:

A vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis, derived from Mycobacterium bovis.