Picornaviradae

Definition

Picornaviridae is a family of small, non-enveloped RNA viruses that includes pathogens causing various human and animal diseases. These viruses have an icosahedral capsid and are known for their stability in the environment.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Picornaviridae includes notable genera such as Enterovirus, Rhinovirus, and Hepatovirus.
2. Enteroviruses within Picornaviridae can cause hand, foot, and mouth disease, which presents with skin lesions.
3. Rhinoviruses are primarily associated with the common cold but can exacerbate conditions affecting the eyes like conjunctivitis.
4. The stability of Picornaviridae in the environment contributes to their widespread transmission via contaminated surfaces.
5. Laboratory diagnosis often involves RT-PCR due to the RNA nature of these viruses.

Review Questions

• What are some common diseases caused by Enteroviruses within Picornaviridae?
• How does the environmental stability of Picornaviridae affect its transmission?
• Which diagnostic method is commonly used for identifying Picornaviridae infections?

Related terms

Enterovirus: A genus within Picornaviridae that includes polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, and echoviruses.

Rhinovirus: A genus within Picornaviridae responsible for most cases of the common cold.

RT-PCR: Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, a laboratory technique used to detect RNA viruses like those in Picornaviridae.