Pharynx

Definition

The pharynx is a muscular tube that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus. It plays a role in both respiratory and digestive systems by facilitating the passage of air and food.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The pharynx is divided into three regions: nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
2. It contains lymphatic tissue such as the tonsils, which are part of the immune system.
3. The pharynx is lined with mucous membranes that trap pathogens entering through inhalation or ingestion.
4. Normal microbiota in the pharynx helps protect against infections by outcompeting harmful microbes.
5. Helminthic infections can occur in the pharynx, although they are more common in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Review Questions

• What are the three regions of the pharynx?
• How does normal microbiota in the pharynx help prevent infections?
• What types of tissues are found in the pharynx and what roles do they play?

Related terms

nasopharynx: The upper part of the pharynx connecting with the nasal cavity above the soft palate.

oropharynx: The middle part of the pharynx behind the mouth.

laryngopharynx: The lower part of the pharynx that connects to both the laryngeal inlet and esophagus.