Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)

Definition

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a cytotoxin produced by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus. It targets and destroys white blood cells, contributing to the bacteria's virulence.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. PVL is commonly associated with community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections.
2. The presence of PVL genes can increase the severity of infections, leading to conditions like necrotizing pneumonia and skin abscesses.
3. PVL works by forming pores in the membranes of white blood cells, leading to cell lysis and death.
4. Detection of PVL genes in bacterial isolates can be done using PCR techniques.
5. The production of PVL is regulated by the accessory gene regulator (agr) system in Staphylococcus aureus.

Review Questions

Related terms

Staphylococcus aureus:

A gram-positive bacterium that can cause a variety of infections.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): A strain of S. aureus that is resistant to methicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics.

Cytotoxin: A substance that has a toxic effect on certain cells.