Osteomyelitis

Definition

Osteomyelitis is an infection of bone tissue caused by bacteria or fungi, leading to inflammation and destruction of the bone. It can occur via bloodstream infection or direct contamination from trauma or surgery.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Osteomyelitis is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
2. Symptoms include fever, pain in the infected area, swelling, and warmth over the affected bone.
3. The diagnosis often involves imaging techniques like MRI or CT scans alongside blood tests and biopsy.
4. Treatment typically includes prolonged antibiotic therapy and sometimes surgical intervention to remove necrotic bone tissue.
5. Chronic osteomyelitis can develop if acute osteomyelitis is not properly treated.

Review Questions

• What is the most common causative agent of osteomyelitis?
• What are two primary methods through which osteomyelitis can develop?
• Why might surgical intervention be necessary in treating osteomyelitis?

Related terms

Staphylococcus aureus:

A type of bacteria frequently responsible for causing a variety of infections including osteomyelitis.

Septicemia:

A systemic condition where bacteria enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to infections in various organs including bones.

Antibiotic Therapy:

The use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections; often critical in managing osteomyelitis.