Necrotizing fasciitis

Definition

Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe bacterial infection that destroys skin, fat, and tissue covering the muscles. It spreads rapidly and requires prompt medical intervention.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Necrotizing fasciitis is often caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria, but other types of bacteria can also be involved.
2. Symptoms include intense pain, swelling, fever, and the presence of blisters or black spots on the skin.
3. Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests to identify the causative organism.
4. Treatment includes surgical removal of infected tissue (debridement), antibiotics, and supportive care such as intravenous fluids and pain management.
5. Risk factors for necrotizing fasciitis include weakened immune systems, chronic diseases like diabetes, recent surgery or wounds, and use of immunosuppressive drugs.

Review Questions

• What are the primary bacterial causes of necrotizing fasciitis?
• Describe the typical symptoms associated with necrotizing fasciitis.
• What are the main components of treatment for necrotizing fasciitis?

Related terms

Group A Streptococcus:

A type of Gram-positive bacteria that can cause various infections including strep throat and necrotizing fasciitis.

Debridement: A medical procedure involving the removal of dead, damaged, or infected tissue to improve healing potential in affected areas.

Sepsis:

A life-threatening condition caused by an overwhelming immune response to infection leading to widespread inflammation and organ failure.