Mucosal leishmaniasis

Definition

Mucosal leishmaniasis is a severe form of leishmaniasis that affects the mucous membranes, particularly in the nose, mouth, and throat. It is caused by protozoan parasites from the Leishmania genus and can lead to significant tissue damage.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Mucosal leishmaniasis is primarily caused by Leishmania braziliensis.
2. The disease often follows an initial cutaneous leishmaniasis infection.
3. Symptoms include nasal congestion, nosebleeds, difficulty swallowing, and lesions in the mouth or nose.
4. Diagnosis typically involves microscopic examination of tissue samples or PCR testing for Leishmania DNA.
5. Treatment usually includes antimonial compounds or amphotericin B, but relapse rates can be high.

Review Questions

• Which species of Leishmania is most commonly associated with mucosal leishmaniasis?
• What are common symptoms of mucosal leishmaniasis?
• How is mucosal leishmaniasis typically diagnosed?

Related terms

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A form of leishmaniasis that affects the skin causing sores.

Visceral Leishmaniasis: A severe form of leishmaniasis affecting internal organs such as the spleen and liver.

Protozoan Parasites: Single-celled organisms that can cause diseases like malaria and leishmaniasis.