Moxifloxacin

Definition

Moxifloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including those of the urinary system. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes, preventing bacterial replication.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Moxifloxacin is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
2. It is often reserved for cases where other antibiotics are ineffective due to its broad spectrum and potential side effects.
3. This antibiotic can be administered orally or intravenously, depending on the severity of the infection.
4. Common side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea and diarrhea, and potential tendon damage.
5. Moxifloxacin should not be used in patients with a history of myasthenia gravis due to the risk of exacerbating muscle weakness.

Review Questions

• What types of bacteria is moxifloxacin effective against?
• Why might moxifloxacin be reserved for use only when other antibiotics fail?
• What are some common side effects associated with moxifloxacin?

Related terms

Fluoroquinolones: A class of antibiotics that includes moxifloxacin and works by inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis.

DNA Gyrase: An enzyme targeted by fluoroquinolones like moxifloxacin to prevent bacterial DNA replication.

Myasthenia Gravis: A chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease that can be exacerbated by certain antibiotics such as moxifloxacin.