Metronidazole

Definition

Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used to treat various infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa. It is commonly prescribed for conditions like bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and gastrointestinal infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Metronidazole targets the DNA of anaerobic microorganisms and protozoa, causing cell death.
2. It is effective against a variety of pathogens including Bacteroides, Clostridium species, and Giardia lamblia.
3. Common side effects include nausea, a metallic taste in the mouth, and potential disulfiram-like reactions with alcohol.
4. Metronidazole is available in oral, topical, and intravenous forms.
5. It is often used as part of combination therapy for Helicobacter pylori infections.

Review Questions

• What types of microorganisms does metronidazole target?
• What are some common side effects associated with metronidazole usage?
• In what forms can metronidazole be administered?

Related terms

Anaerobic Bacteria: Bacteria that do not require oxygen for growth and can even die in its presence.

Trichomoniasis:

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis.

Helicobacter pylori:

A type of bacteria that infects the stomach lining and can lead to ulcers.