Memory cells

Definition

Memory cells are a type of lymphocyte that remains in the body after an initial infection to respond more rapidly and effectively upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen. They play a crucial role in long-term immunity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Memory cells are derived from both B cells and T cells following an immune response.
2. They can persist for years or even a lifetime, providing long-term immunity.
3. Upon re-exposure to the same pathogen, memory cells quickly differentiate into effector cells to eliminate the threat.
4. There are two main types of memory T cells: central memory T cells (TCM) and effector memory T cells (TEM).
5. Vaccinations work by stimulating the creation of memory cells without causing disease.

Review Questions

• What are the primary functions of memory cells in adaptive immunity?
• How do vaccinations utilize memory cells to confer immunity?
• What are the differences between central memory T cells (TCM) and effector memory T cells (TEM)?

Related terms

B Lymphocytes (B Cells): A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies against antigens.

T Lymphocytes (T Cells): A type of white blood cell involved in cellular immunity, including helper and cytotoxic T cell functions.

Antigen:

A molecule or molecular structure that is recognized by the immune system as foreign and elicits an immune response.