Mechanical defenses

Definition

Mechanical defenses are physical barriers and processes that prevent the entry or facilitate the removal of pathogens from the body. These include structures like skin and mucous membranes, as well as actions like coughing and sneezing.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The skin acts as a primary mechanical barrier against pathogen entry.
2. Mucous membranes trap pathogens in mucus to prevent infection.
3. Cilia in the respiratory tract move trapped pathogens out of the body.
4. Tears and saliva contain enzymes that break down microbial cell walls.
5. Urine flow helps flush out potential pathogens from the urinary tract.

Review Questions

Related terms

Skin: A physical barrier composed of multiple layers that prevents pathogen entry.

Mucus:

A thick fluid secreted by mucous membranes that traps pathogens.

Ciliary Escalator: The coordinated movement of cilia in the respiratory tract to expel mucus and trapped particles.