key term - Liver

Definition

The liver is a vital organ responsible for numerous functions including detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion. It plays a key role in metabolizing nutrients and drugs, and helps regulate blood composition.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The liver produces bile, which is essential for the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine.
2. Kupffer cells in the liver are specialized macrophages that help filter pathogens from the blood.
3. Hepatitis viruses (A, B, C) specifically target the liver, causing inflammation and impairing liver function.
4. The liver has a unique dual blood supply from both the hepatic artery and the portal vein, contributing to its ability to filter toxins efficiently.
5. Liver cirrhosis can result from chronic infections or alcohol abuse and leads to scarring that impairs liver function.

Review Questions

Related terms

Bile: A digestive fluid produced by the liver that aids in the emulsification of fats.

Hepatic Artery: The blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver.

Portal Vein: A major vein that carries nutrient-rich blood from the gastrointestinal tract to the liver for processing.