Lice

Definition

Lice are small, wingless insects that infest human hair and skin, causing itching and irritation. They are ectoparasites and can be vectors for disease transmission.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lice are primarily transmitted through direct head-to-head contact or sharing personal items like combs and hats.
2. There are three main types of lice affecting humans: head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis), body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis), and pubic lice (Pthirus pubis).
3. Body lice can be vectors for diseases such as typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever.
4. Symptoms of a lice infestation include intense itching, visible nits (lice eggs) on the hair shafts, and red bumps on the scalp or skin.
5. Effective treatment includes over-the-counter medicated shampoos containing permethrin or pyrethrins, thorough cleaning of personal items, and sometimes prescription medications.

Related terms

Ectoparasite: An organism that lives on the surface of a host, deriving nutrients at the host's expense.

Vector:

An organism that transmits pathogens from one host to another.

Nits: The eggs of lice that attach to hair shafts close to the scalp.