Isotretinoin

Definition

Isotretinoin is a powerful retinoid medication primarily used to treat severe acne. It works by reducing sebaceous gland activity and has significant anti-inflammatory effects.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Isotretinoin is highly effective against severe, recalcitrant nodular acne that does not respond to other treatments.
2. It reduces the size and output of the sebaceous glands, leading to decreased sebum production, which helps lower acne-causing bacteria like Propionibacterium acnes.
3. Patients on isotretinoin must be monitored for potential side effects, including teratogenicity, liver function abnormalities, and mental health changes.
4. Isotretinoin can cause dryness of the skin and mucous membranes, necessitating the use of moisturizers and lip balms during treatment.
5. Due to its potent effects and side effects, isotretinoin is usually prescribed when other antibiotics or treatments have failed.

Review Questions

• How does isotretinoin help reduce bacterial infections associated with severe acne?
• What are some common side effects of isotretinoin therapy that require monitoring?
• Why is isotretinoin considered only after other treatments for severe acne have failed?

Related terms

Propionibacterium acnes: A bacterium commonly found in acne lesions that contributes to inflammation.

Sebaceous Glands: Glands in the skin that produce sebum, an oily substance that can clog pores and contribute to acne.

Retinoids: A class of compounds derived from vitamin A used in skincare treatments for their ability to promote cell turnover.