Iodine

Definition

Iodine is a chemical element used as a disinfectant and antiseptic in microbiology. It is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Iodine acts by disrupting the structure and function of microbial cell membranes and proteins.
2. It is commonly used in the form of iodophors, which are complexes of iodine with surfactants that release iodine slowly.
3. Iodine solutions can be used for skin disinfection prior to surgery or injections.
4. The effectiveness of iodine can be reduced by the presence of organic matter such as blood or pus.
5. Iodine has a broad antimicrobial spectrum but may cause allergic reactions in some individuals.

Review Questions

• How does iodine disrupt microbial cells?
• What are iodophors, and how do they differ from elemental iodine?
• Why might the presence of organic matter reduce the effectiveness of iodine?

Related terms

Antiseptic:

A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms on living tissue.

Disinfectant: A chemical agent used to destroy harmful microorganisms on inanimate objects.

Iodophor: A combination of iodine and a solubilizing agent or carrier that releases free iodine gradually.