Influenza vaccine

Definition

The influenza vaccine is an immunization designed to protect against the influenza virus, commonly known as the flu. It stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies specific to the virus, reducing the risk of infection.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Influenza vaccines are updated annually to match circulating strains due to the high mutation rate of the virus.
2. There are two main types of influenza vaccines: inactivated (killed) and live attenuated (weakened).
3. Influenza vaccines can be administered via injection or nasal spray.
4. The effectiveness of the influenza vaccine varies each year but typically ranges between 40-60%.
5. Vaccination is especially recommended for high-risk groups such as young children, elderly individuals, and those with chronic health conditions.

Review Questions

• Why is it necessary for the influenza vaccine to be updated annually?
• What are the two main types of influenza vaccines and how are they administered?
• In what populations is receiving an influenza vaccine particularly important?

Related terms

Antigenic Drift: Small genetic changes in viruses that happen continually over time.

Viral Pathogenicity: The ability of a virus to cause disease in a host organism.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): A common respiratory virus that causes infections in the lungs and respiratory tract.