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🦠microbiology review

Infectious mononucleosis

Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025

Definition

Infectious mononucleosis, commonly known as mono or the 'kissing disease,' is a viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It primarily affects the circulatory and lymphatic systems, leading to symptoms such as fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. Infectious mononucleosis is mainly transmitted through saliva but can also spread via blood and other bodily fluids.
  2. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpesvirus family, is the primary cause of infectious mononucleosis.
  3. Typical symptoms include fever, pharyngitis (sore throat), lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes), and splenomegaly (enlarged spleen).
  4. Diagnosis is often confirmed through heterophile antibody tests or EBV-specific serology tests.
  5. There is no specific antiviral treatment for infectious mononucleosis; management focuses on symptom relief and supportive care.

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