In vitro

Definition

In vitro refers to experiments conducted outside of a living organism, typically in a controlled laboratory environment such as a petri dish or test tube. This method is used to study cellular and molecular processes without the complexity of whole organisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In vitro techniques are essential for isolating and culturing viruses because they allow scientists to observe viral behavior in a controlled setting.
2. These methods often involve the use of cell cultures, where cells are grown in nutrient-rich media to support viral replication.
3. In vitro studies can help identify the host range of viruses by testing different cell types for susceptibility to infection.
4. This approach is crucial for developing antiviral drugs, as it allows for high-throughput screening of potential therapeutic compounds.
5. Limitations of in vitro studies include the inability to fully replicate the complex interactions that occur within a living organism.

Review Questions

• What are some advantages of using in vitro techniques for studying viruses?
• How do in vitro methods contribute to the development of antiviral drugs?
• What are some limitations of in vitro experiments when compared to in vivo studies?

Related terms

in vivo: Experiments conducted within a living organism.

cell culture: The process of growing cells under controlled conditions, usually outside their natural environment.

viral replication: The process by which viruses produce new copies inside host cells.