In situ bioremediation

Definition

In situ bioremediation is the process of using microorganisms to degrade environmental contaminants directly at the site of pollution. It leverages natural microbial metabolic activities to detoxify harmful substances in soil or groundwater.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Microorganisms used in in situ bioremediation can include bacteria, fungi, and archaea.
2. Nutrients and electron acceptors are often added to stimulate microbial activity.
3. Bioventing and biosparging are common techniques used to enhance in situ bioremediation.
4. The process can be applied to a variety of contaminants including hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and pesticides.
5. In situ bioremediation is considered environmentally friendly as it minimizes the need for excavation and transport of contaminated materials.

Review Questions

• What are two common techniques used to enhance in situ bioremediation?
• Why is adding nutrients important in in situ bioremediation?
• Which types of microorganisms are typically involved in in situ bioremediation?

Related terms

Biostimulation: The addition of nutrients or electron acceptors to stimulate the activity of indigenous microorganisms.

Bioaugmentation: The introduction of specific strains or consortia of microorganisms to accelerate the degradation process.

Bioventing: A technique that involves supplying air (or oxygen) to contaminated soil to stimulate aerobic biodegradation.