Immunofluorescence

Definition

Immunofluorescence is a technique that uses antibodies labeled with fluorescent dyes to detect and visualize specific antigens in biological samples. This method allows for the observation of the distribution and localization of proteins and other molecules within cells or tissues under a microscope.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Immunofluorescence can be direct, using a single antibody conjugated to a fluorophore, or indirect, using a primary antibody followed by a secondary antibody conjugated to a fluorophore.
2. Fluorophores are molecules that absorb light at one wavelength and emit it at another, allowing visualization under specific wavelengths of light.
3. Commonly used fluorophores include FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) and TRITC (tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate).
4. This technique is crucial for studying cellular structures, diagnosing diseases, and identifying pathogens in microbiology.
5. Proper sample preparation, including fixation and permeabilization, is essential for successful immunofluorescence staining.

Review Questions

• What are the differences between direct and indirect immunofluorescence?
• Name two commonly used fluorophores in immunofluorescence.
• Why is proper sample preparation important in immunofluorescence?

Related terms

Fluorophore: A molecule that absorbs light at one wavelength and emits it at another.

Antibody:

A protein produced by the immune system that binds specifically to an antigen.

Microscopy:

The use of microscopes to view objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye.