IL-12

Definition

IL-12 is a cytokine produced by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-cells that plays a crucial role in the differentiation of naive T cells into Th1 cells. It is important for the immune response against intracellular pathogens and has applications in cancer immunotherapy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. IL-12 promotes the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) by T cells and natural killer (NK) cells.
2. It enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and CD8+ T cells.
3. IL-12 consists of two subunits: p35 and p40, which must combine to form the active cytokine.
4. It bridges innate and adaptive immunity by influencing both types of responses.
5. Therapeutic strategies involving IL-12 are being investigated for their potential to boost anti-tumor immunity.

Review Questions

• What are the primary cellular sources of IL-12?
• How does IL-12 influence the differentiation of naive T cells?
• Why is IL-12 considered significant in cancer immunotherapy?

Related terms

Interferon-Gamma (IFN-γ): A cytokine produced by activated T cells and NK cells that plays a key role in mediating immune responses against intracellular pathogens.

Natural Killer (NK) Cells: A type of lymphocyte involved in the innate immune response that can kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells without prior sensitization.

Th1 Cells: A subset of T helper cells that produce IFN-γ, involved in cellular immunity against intracellular pathogens and tumors.