key term - Hygiene hypothesis

Definition

The hygiene hypothesis suggests that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents, microorganisms, and parasites increases susceptibility to allergic diseases by suppressing natural development of the immune system. It posits that modern sanitary practices may contribute to the rise in hypersensitivities.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The hygiene hypothesis was first proposed in 1989 by David P. Strachan.
2. It links reduced microbial exposure with increased incidence of allergies and autoimmune diseases.
3. The hypothesis is supported by epidemiological data showing lower allergy rates in children raised on farms or with siblings.
4. It suggests that exposure to certain pathogens can help develop a balanced immune response, reducing hypersensitivity reactions.
5. Critics argue that genetic factors and other environmental influences also play significant roles in the development of allergies.

Review Questions

Related terms

Autoimmune Disease: A condition where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.

Allergen: A substance that causes an allergic reaction.

Immunoregulation: The mechanisms and processes that regulate or control the immune response.