Hydatid disease

Definition

Hydatid disease, also known as echinococcosis, is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus tapeworms. It typically forms cysts in the liver and lungs, leading to various health complications.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hydatid disease is primarily caused by Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis.
2. Humans acquire hydatid disease through ingestion of food or water contaminated with tapeworm eggs from dog feces.
3. The disease manifests as cystic echinococcosis (CE) or alveolar echinococcosis (AE), with CE being more common.
4. Symptoms can include abdominal pain, nausea, and jaundice if the liver is affected, or cough and chest pain if the lungs are involved.
5. Diagnosis often involves imaging techniques like ultrasound or CT scans, along with serological tests.

Review Questions

Related terms

Echinococcus granulosus:

A species of tapeworm that causes cystic echinococcosis in humans.

Cystic Echinococcosis: A form of hydatid disease characterized by the formation of fluid-filled cysts primarily in the liver.

Alveolar Echinococcosis: A severe form of hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, often affecting the liver and spreading extensively.