HUS

Definition

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) is a condition characterized by the destruction of red blood cells, leading to kidney failure. It is often caused by infection with Shiga toxin-producing bacteria, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. HUS commonly occurs after an infection with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), which is often contracted through contaminated food or water.
2. The primary symptoms of HUS include hemolytic anemia, acute kidney injury, and thrombocytopenia.
3. Children under the age of 5 are at a higher risk of developing HUS following STEC infections.
4. Treatment for HUS typically involves supportive care, including hydration and dialysis if needed; antibiotics are generally not recommended as they can worsen the condition.
5. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent long-term complications such as chronic kidney disease.

Review Questions

• What are the main symptoms associated with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)?
• Which bacterial infection is most commonly linked to the development of HUS?
• Why are antibiotics generally not recommended in the treatment of HUS?

Related terms

Escherichia coli O157:H7: A strain of E. coli that produces Shiga toxin and is a common cause of foodborne illness.

Shiga Toxin: A potent toxin produced by certain bacteria, including some strains of E. coli, which can lead to severe illness.

Thrombocytopenia: A condition characterized by an abnormally low number of platelets in the blood, often seen in patients with HUS.