Horizontal direct contact transmission

Definition

Horizontal direct contact transmission involves the transfer of infectious agents between individuals through direct physical contact, such as touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse. It is a common mode of spreading many communicable diseases.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Horizontal direct contact transmission typically occurs via skin-to-skin contact or mucous membrane contact.
2. Common diseases transmitted this way include influenza, herpes simplex virus, and sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea and syphilis.
3. Preventative measures include practicing good hygiene, using barrier protection like condoms, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals.
4. It differs from vertical transmission, which occurs from mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth.
5. Healthcare settings often emphasize handwashing and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent horizontal direct contact transmission.

Review Questions

Related terms

Vertical Transmission:

The transfer of infection from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.

Indirect Contact Transmission: The spread of pathogens via inanimate objects (fomites) such as doorknobs or utensils.

Droplet Transmission: Involves the spread of pathogens through respiratory droplets expelled during coughing or sneezing.